Moscow staged annexation referendums on Friday in Ukrainian territory under its control, in a dramatic push to consolidate its grip over swaths of the country. Ukraine’s allies condemned the votes as illegal and escalatory.

In the face of backlash, Russia somewhat narrowed the parameters of a mass call up to swell the ranks of its beleaguered military. Those working in certain roles in information technology, telecommunications, media and finance would be excluded from the push to mobilize as many as 300,000 reservists, according to a statement from Russia’s Ministry of Defense. The call-up order has prompted protests and an exodus, with traffic jams forming along some of Russia’s borders, including the Mongolian frontier.

Here’s the latest on the war and its impact across the globe.

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  • The referendums on the prospect of joining Russia, illegal under international law, are set to last five days in Ukraine’s east and southeast: the separatist Luhansk and Donetsk territories in the east, Kherson in the south and occupied parts of nearby Zaporizhzhia. The move has drawn U.S. and European condemnation as a plan for Moscow to absorb Ukrainian territory.
  • The Kremlin pledged to swiftly accept the regions into Russia and said any Ukrainian attack would then be seen as an attack on Russia. Spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Friday that Moscow would consider Ukrainian attempts to retake the territory “as an attack on its lands in case of a positive decision in the referendums.” Russian President Vladimir Putin has declared his support for the process, with little doubt that the announced result will overwhelmingly favor becoming part of Russia. When the Kremlin annexed the Crimean Peninsula in 2014 after a disputed vote, it claimed that nearly 97 percent backed joining Russia.
  • Kyiv attacked the legitimacy of the referendums as a “propaganda show.” Speaking in Russian, President Volodymyr Zelensky urged Russians earlier to resist the partial military mobilization that Putin announced this week. “Tens of thousands are wounded and maimed. Want more? No? Then protest. Fight back. Run away. Or surrender to Ukrainian captivity. These are options for you to survive,” he said in his nightly address.
Mariupol residents began voting in a Kremlin-orchestrated referendum on becoming part of Russia on Sept. 23. (Video: The Washington Post)
  • Moscow-backed authorities assured support for a potential annexation. “We’re coming home,” Denis Pushilin, the leader of the self-declared Donetsk People’s Republic, said Friday. He appeared in a video filling out his ballot in the street, surrounded by cameras, before he displayed it for all to see. Russian news agencies said hundreds of polling stations would only open Tuesday, and local authorities said much of the voting would be house-to-house or in “public places.”
  • The G-7 countries — Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States — released a joint statement condemning “the sham referenda that Russia attempts to use to create a phony pretext for changing the status of Ukrainian sovereign territory,” according to a White House release.

Voronezh

BELARUS

RUSSIA

Chernihiv

Area held

by Russia-

backed

separatists

before

Feb. 2022

Belgorod

Sumy

Valuyki

Kyiv

Kharkiv

LUHANSK

KHARKIV

Cherkasy

Slovyansk

Luhansk

UKRAINE

Bakhmut

Dnipro

Donetsk

Kirovohrad

DONETSK

Zaporizhzhia

ZAPORIZHZHIA

Mariupol

Mykolaiv

Melitopol

KHERSON

MOL.

Kherson

Odessa

RUSSIA

Kerch

CRIMEA

Krasnodar

Annexed by Russia

in 2014

100 MILES

ROM.

Novorossiysk

Sevastopol

Black Sea

Control areas as of Sept. 11

Sources: Institute for the Study of War, AEI’s Critical Threats Project

Ukrainian reclaimed territory

through counteroffensives

Area held

by Russia-

backed

separatists

before

Feb. 2022

Voronezh

BELARUS

RUSSIA

Chernihiv

Belgorod

Sumy

Kyiv

Kharkiv

Poltava

Cherkasy

Kramatorsk

Dnipro

Uman

Zaporizhzhia

Mariupol

Melitopol

Mykolayiv

Kherson

RUSSIA

Odessa

Crimea

Krasnodar

Annexed by Russia

in 2014

Novorossiysk

Sevastopol

100 MILES

Control areas as of Sept. 11

Sources: Institute for the Study of War, AEI’s Critical Threats Project

Ukrainian reclaimed territory

through counteroffensives

Area held

by Russia-

backed

separatists

before

Feb. 2022

RUSSIA

BEL.

Chernihiv

Belgorod

Sumy

Kyiv

Kharkiv

Poltava

Cherkasy

Dnipro

Zaporizhzhia

Mariupol

Melitopol

Mykolayiv

Kherson

RUS.

Odessa

Crimea

Sevastopol

Annexed by Russia

in 2014

100 MILES

Black Sea

Control areas as of Sept. 11

Sources: Institute for the Study of War

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  • U.N. Secretary General António Guterres described the referendums as a “violation of the U.N. Charter and international law.” Western leaders, including President Biden, have denounced the process as a “sham.”
  • Traffic at the Finnish-Russian border was at a “higher level than usual” on Thursday but still below pre-pandemic levels, a Finnish border guard official said after Russia’s first military mobilization since World War II. Kazakhstan has seen an influx at the border from neighboring Russia, according to Reuters. Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania closed their borders to most Russian citizens.
  • Diplomats clashed over allegations of Russian war crimes at a heated U.N. Security Council meeting on Thursday. U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said Russia’s withdrawal from the Ukrainian cities of Izyum and Bucha revealed gruesome torture and killings that could not be dismissed as the actions of a few bad actors. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov denied the charges and condemned Western support for Kyiv before leaving the room.
  • A team of U.N. excerpts found Friday that Russian forces have committed war crimes in Ukraine, including “rapes, deportations and torture,” the AP reported.

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  • Moscow could use nuclear weapons to defend the regions that join Russia, said former Russian president Dmitry Medvedev, now deputy head of the country’s Security Council. Washington for months has sent private warnings to Moscow about grave consequences if it used a nuclear weapon in Ukraine, although it was unclear whether any messages were sent in recent days, The Washington Post reported.
  • Several Iranian-made drones struck the port of Odessa Friday, destroying an administrative building and killing one civilian, according to the Ukranian military. Writing on Telegram, officials said that Odessa was attacked by “kamikaze drones from the sea,” adding that one Shahed-136 drone had beenshot down.
  • A drone had dropped an “exploding device” next to a government building in Melitopol, in southeastern Ukraine, Russian news agency RIA Novosti reported on Friday. No injuries were reported. RIA did not say who dropped the device, and the information couldn’t be independently verified. But Mayor Ivan Fedorov said on his Telegram channel that a “loud explosion rang out in Melitopol” at seven a.m., which could be “well felt” by people living in the center of the city. The drone could be seen flying over the city in unverified videos shared on social media.
  • The U.N. nuclear watchdog said “detailed talks” about a safety zone at the Zaporizhzhia plant in Ukraine are underway. The International Atomic Energy Agency said its proposal sought to protect Europe’s largest nuclear power plant, which Russian forces control. Fighting nearby has raised fears of a disaster.

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Putin faces domestic fury over reservist call-up: Russian families bade tearful farewells on Thursday to thousands of sons and husbands abruptly summoned for military duty as part of Putin’s mobilization, Robyn Dixon, Mary Ilyushina and David L. Stern report.

“More than 1,300 people were arrested at anti-mobilization protests in cities and towns across Russia on Wednesday and Thursday,” they write. “Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov dismissed reports of booked-out flights and queues to leave Russia as ‘false.’ ”

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